.NET/ASP.NET/C#/VB.NET PDF Document SDK

The best way to sketch a visual story across slides using a Tablet PC is to work backward from the last slide to the rst. For example, in the sequence of slides shown in Figure 7-9, rst sketch all the elements you want to include on the lowerright Call to Action slide. On the Review tab, choose Start Inking, and on the Pens tab, click Select Objects, hold down the Ctrl key while you click to select the Ink objects you want to include, and then right-click and select Copy. Go to the preceding slide, right-click and paste the Ink objects, and then on the Pens tab, click Eraser and move the mouse pointer over the parts of the sketch you don t need. Then copy this sketch, and follow the same steps as you work backward through the slides. Designing the last slide in the sequence rst ensures that the nal slide is organized and composed in a way that works if you were to build from the rst slide to the last, you would probably end up making changes to the last slide s layout. Working backward through the sequence also saves time because you don t need to keep resketching the same elements on the slides in the sequence. Unfortunately, inking on your Tablet PC works only in Normal view and not in Slide Sorter view, so you will need to frequently switch back and forth between the two views to see how the story is owing visually across slides.

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In this example, you add the add_accessor method to the Class class, thereby adding it to every other class defined within your program. This makes it possible to add accessors to any class dynamically, by calling add_accessor. (If the logic of this approach isn t clear, make sure to try this code yourself, step through each process, and establish what is occurring at each step of execution.) The technique used in the previous example also lets you define classes like this:

>>> from copy import deepcopy >>> d = {} >>> d['names'] = ['Alfred', 'Bertrand'] >>> c = d.copy() >>> dc = deepcopy(d) >>> d['names'].append('Clive') >>> c {'names': ['Alfred', 'Bertrand', 'Clive']} >>> dc {'names': ['Alfred', 'Bertrand']}

Because add_accessor is being used within a class, the method call will work its way up to the add_accessor method defined in class Class. Moving back to simpler techniques, using instance_eval is somewhat like using regular eval, but within the context of an object (rather than a method). In this example you use instance_eval to execute code within the scope of an object:

class MyClass def initialize @my_variable = 'Hello, world!' end end obj = MyClass.new obj.instance_eval { puts @my_variable }

Your next job is to sketch the most important group of slides in the presentation the Call to Action and Key Point slides. If you re using a Tablet PC, to see the Key Point slides together, zoom out in Slide Sorter view, and then locate the Key Point slides. Drag each one in sequence so that they follow the Call to Action slide, as shown in Figure 7-10. When you ve nished sketching, you ll drag these slides back to their original positions. You don t have to do this every time you sketch, but it is helpful as you re honing your storyboarding skills. It s important that you see and work with these four slides together as a visual package because when each slide appears in its sequence in the storyboard, it should cue the audience that these are the most important slides in the presentation. If you re working on paper printouts, ip through the storyboard to see where these slides are.

Hello, world!

The fromkeys method creates a new dictionary with the given keys, each with a default corresponding value of None: >>> {}.fromkeys(['name', 'age']) {'age': None, 'name': None} The previous example first constructs an empty dictionary and then calls the fromkeys method on that, in order to create another dictionary a somewhat redundant strategy. Instead, you can call the method directly on dict, which (as mentioned before) is the type of all dictionaries. (The concept of types and classes is discussed more thoroughly in 7.) >>> dict.fromkeys(['name', 'age']) {'age': None, 'name': None} If you don t want to use None as the default value, you can supply your own default: >>> dict.fromkeys(['name', 'age'], '(unknown)') {'age': '(unknown)', 'name': '(unknown)'}

So far you ve used the attr_accessor method within your classes to generate accessor functions for instance variables quickly. For example, in longhand you might have this code:

7

This allows you to do things such as puts person.name and person.name = 'Fred'. Alternatively, however, you can use attr_accessor: